With the promotion of renewable energy utilization and the trend of a low-carbon society, the real-life application of photovoltaic (PV) combined with battery energy storage systems (BESS) has thrived recently. Cost–be. .
The urging of energy sustainability and carbon reductions promote the integration and utilization o. .
2.1. Structure of PV + BESS hybrid systemsFig. 1 shows the basic structure for a PV + BESS hybrid system. The load can be supplied from PV generation, BESS discharge, or sim. .
3.1. Case descriptionTo illustrate the cost–benefit analysis from the PV and BESS planning results, an industrial area with the aim of maximum utilizing the solar. .
An optimal planning model of PV-BESS integrated energy systems for estimating sizing, operation simulation and life-cycle cost–benefit of the project is proposed. The brief architecture. .
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper..
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